Vitamin B₁₂ exists in four major physiological equivalent forms referred to collectively as cobalamins; hydroxocobalamin acetate, cyanocobalamin [C0449], methylcobalamin [M2742], and 5’-deoxyadenosylcobalamine. An intramuscular injection of hydroxocobalamin acetate produces higher serum levels than the same dose of cyanocobalamin, and these levels are well maintained. Cobalamins function as a coenzyme in a number of reactions, including the oxidation of fatty acids and the synthesis of DNA. They also works in conjugation with folic acid [F0043] (Vitamin B₉) in the synthesis of the amino acid L-methionine [M0099] and it required for normal production of red blood cells. Although cobalamins are necessary for nervous system maintenance, the mechanisms are not entirely known. Cobalamins can be used to prevent or treat pathology arising from a lack of vitamin B₁₂. (The product is for research purpose only.)