**Background of TNPO3 Antibody**
TNPO3 (Transportin-3), also known as Transportin-SR or TNPO3. is a member of the importin-β family of nuclear transport receptors. It facilitates the nuclear import of specific cargo proteins, including serine/arginine (SR)-rich splicing factors and other RNA-binding proteins critical for mRNA processing and splicing. TNPO3 has garnered significant attention due to its role in HIV-1 replication, where it interacts with the viral capsid protein to promote nuclear entry of the viral genome, a step essential for infection.
Antibodies targeting TNPO3 are vital tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in cellular and viral contexts. These antibodies enable detection of TNPO3 in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry, helping researchers assess its involvement in nuclear transport mechanisms, RNA metabolism, and viral pathogenesis. Additionally, TNPO3 antibodies have been used to explore disease associations, such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), where altered nucleocytoplasmic transport is implicated.
Studies using TNPO3 antibodies have also clarified its interaction with cellular partners, including CPSF6 and other HIV-1 cofactors, shedding light on viral-host dynamics. The development of highly specific monoclonal or polyclonal TNPO3 antibodies ensures reliable experimental outcomes, supporting both basic research and therapeutic investigations targeting TNPO3-mediated pathways.