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     All lanes use the Antibody at 1:2K dilution for 1 hour at room temperature.    

  
  

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     All lanes use the Antibody at 1:2K dilution for 1 hour at room temperature.    

  
  

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     Western blot analysis of Phospho-Tau (S404) expression in mouse brain cell lysate.    

  
  

Phospho-Tau(S404) antibodies are essential tools for studying tau protein phosphorylation, a key event in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s. Tau, a microtubule-associated protein, stabilizes neuronal cytoskeletons under normal conditions. However, hyperphosphorylation disrupts its function, leading to aggregation into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), a hallmark of tauopathies. The phosphorylation of tau at serine 404 (S404) is one of numerous post-translational modifications linked to pathological tau aggregation. This site is often studied alongside neighboring residues (e.g., S396. S400) to map phosphorylation patterns that correlate with disease progression.

Phospho-Tau(S404)-specific antibodies enable detection of this modification in experimental models and human tissues, helping researchers assess tau pathology severity and therapeutic responses. These antibodies are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. Studies suggest S404 phosphorylation may influence tau’s microtubule-binding affinity or promote conformational changes that enhance aggregation. While kinases like GSK-3β or CDK5 are implicated in tau phosphorylation, the exact kinase responsible for S404 modification remains under investigation.

Understanding S404 phosphorylation dynamics provides insights into tau toxicity mechanisms and aids in developing biomarkers or targeted therapies. However, interpretations require caution, as phosphorylation patterns vary across disease stages and tau isoforms. Validating antibody specificity with phosphorylation-deficient mutants or peptide competition assays is critical to avoid cross-reactivity with other phosphorylated residues. Overall, Phospho-Tau(S404) antibodies remain pivotal in unraveling tau’s role in neurodegeneration.